Philippine Nurse

Here are the list of Philippine Nurse Examination Passers. The most awaited list of the year.

NOTE: This comes in two formats one in TEXT & PDF Files

Here is the TEXT files:

DECEMBER 2007 RETAKE
DECEMBER 2007

Here is the PDF files

DECEMBER 2007 RETAKE
DECEMBER 2007

You can also verify the results at PRC

Like the other organs of the body, the hardworking heart requires oxygen and nutrients to function. This need is met by the coronary arteries, two small vessels on the outer surface of the heart muscle. The right coronary artery supplies the undersurface of the heart. The left artery runs for about an inch at the top of the heart before dividing into two main branches called the "left anterior descending," traveling to the front of the heart, and "circumflex" supplying the back of the heart. These three arteries (right, left anterior descending and circumflex) and their branches send smaller tributaries into the substance of the hart muscle to supply it with the oxygen and nutrients needed to contract and pump normally.

The coronary arteries are more susceptible than most other arteries to athererosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerosis), a buildup of cholesterol with the walls of the vessels. When severe, this buildup may obstruct the artery. Under resting conditions, the blood flowing through the diseased coronary artery may be sufficient to supply a specific area of heart muscle, but under more demanding conditions, such as exercise, when the heart is working harder and requires oxygen and nutrients, the obstruction may not allow sufficient blood through to meet the needs of the heart area it supplies. An imbalance of oxygen supply and demand (called "ischemia") is created. When this occurs, the afflicted individual often experiences symptoms of chest discomfort called "angina pectoris."

A diseased coronary artery can also become unstable, resulting in ulceration or total disruption of a cholesterol deposit. This often leads to major problems. An ulcerated or disrupted coronary artery is susceptible to blood clots forming on its exposed surface. When this occurs, the vessel can become completely occluded. As a result, the portion of heart muscle supplied by that artery becomes starved for vital oxygen and nutrients. If the occlusion persists for more than an hour, the affected muscle begins to die. This is usually accompanied by severe, persistent crushing pain over the center of the chest, the prime symptom of a heart attack.

When this symptom strikes, it is urgent to get to the nearest hospital emergency room-- immediately! Cardiologists can now thread a balloon catheter from the groin into the blocked area and open it up, salvaging precious heart muscle, which can substantially improve long-term prognosis. Remember: your heart is a remarkably resilient organ. It can suffer significant damage before impairment in function occurs. The outlook for patients with coronary atherosclerosis depends on the extent of heart muscle damage from a heart attack and on the extent of blockage in the coronary arteries. Reducing the initial damage, as well as taking the vital steps to reduce your risk factors for a second attack (i.e. lowering your cholesterol, normalizing blood pressure, supervised exercise, diet and weight reduction, reducing stress, etc.) are the keys to living a long and healthy life after suffering a heart attack.

Your heart is a beautifully designed pump whose purpose is to deliver blood, together with life-giving oxygen and nutrients, to every cell, tissue, and organ of your body. Shaped like a pear and weighing about eleven ounces, the heart sits in the center of the chest, pointing up toward the right shoulder. It is a specialized muscle divided into four chambers, two on the right and two on the left, which are separated by one-way valves. The heart therefore is in a sense two pumps, because it's right and left sides are separated from each other.

There are four chambers in the heart, two--an atrium and a ventricle--on either side. The right atrium is a receptacle for the veins transporting blood back into the heart. When it has filled, the chamber's muscle contracts and empties its contents through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.

The right ventricle transports oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs across the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary artery and its branches. The blood travels into progressively smaller arteries and eventually into tiny vessels called capillaries. These vessels have very thin and delicate linings that allow oxygen and other nutrients to move into and out of the bloodstream. The oxygen in the lungs moves across the capillary membranes and into the blood, where it hooks up with the red blood cells. The capillaries also eliminate carbon dioxide, received from the tissues and cells of the body, to the lungs where it is exhaled into the atmosphere.

Once these exchanges have been completed, the blood moves through the pulmonary vessels to the left side of the heart. The left atrium is the collecting chamber. Once it is full, the left atrium moves its contents across the mitral valve into the left ventricle.

The left ventricle is by far the most powerful pumping chamber of the heart. Its contents must be propelled under pressure much higher than in the other chambers, so the oxygen-enriched blood can travel through the arteries of the body at a sufficient pressure to reach every cell and organ. Its powerful thrust sends blood through the aortic valve and into the aorta, the largest artery in the body. From there the blood continues flowing to the arteries.

This extraordinary round-trip takes about a minute and repeats itself every minute of your life. In an average person's lifetime, it is estimated that the heart contracts 2.5 billion times! Each day, the average heart beats some 100,000 times and pumps more than 2,000 gallons of blood through the equivalent of approximately 60,000 miles of blood vessels! Your heart is a mighty organ indeed!

Many people suffer from hypertension (also known high blood pressure). Blood pressure is essential to move blood from your heart through your veins and arteries. But when the pressure is too high it can become dangerous, making your heart work harder and increasing your risk for heart problems, such as heart attacks and strokes. Hypertension may also increases your potential risk for various problems such as kidney disease even blindness.

Hypertension has numerous causes and it is difficult to pinpoint any one cause. Sometimes it could also be a side effect of any medication that you may be taking. This is referred to as secondary hypertension. You can take precautions against hypertension by regular checkups with doctors to figure out whether you are hypertensive or not.

The good news is that hypertension is treatable. If you change your eating habits and make sure you get plenty of exercise you should be able to reduce your blood pressure. Your doctor may also prescribe certain medications that can help to lower your blood pressure but you should make these lifestyle changes as well. Reducing stress and learning how to deal with it is also beneficial.

Being overweight certainly contributes hypertension. Studies have shown that even losing is little as ten pounds may be beneficial in lowering blood pressure. If you begin exercising and eating healthy you should be able drop ten pounds quite easily. Just don't to lose the weight immediately. It takes time to gain weight and time to lose weight; you should focus on changing your habits of exercise and eating, not just on losing weight.

If you are unsure about how to start losing weight, consider joining a gym and getting a personal trainer. You only need a few sessions and in that time they can show you how to use each of the machines to your full advantage as well as plan out a program that will help you lose weight and become more active.

A nutritionist is also a good idea if you have poor eating habits. They will often have you write down for a week what you're eating and then come up with a plan that you can stick to. Nothing frightens people more than the prospect of trading their chicken fingers for carrot sticks. Nutritionists can help make the transition to eating healthy smooth and simple.

If you smoke you need to quit. It's as simple as that. There is no excuse for smoking and no health benefits whatsoever which can cause only serious problems. Smoking raises your blood pressure and creates dangerous hypertension. You need to quit as soon as possible, not only for your health but also for the health of those around you. Second hand smoke is extremely dangerous as well. Be sure to talk to your doctor about different options to help you quit smoking since you don't need to do it on your own.

Hypertension is a very serious condition but it is treatable. You need to start making changes in your lifestyle today to combat the potentially dangerous problems that go hand in hand with hypertension. Even if you don't have hypertension you should quit smoking, start exercising, and start eating healthy. Stopping health problems before they start is the best way to ensure you stay healthy and happy.